• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device for the mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece, comprising a workpiece holder holding the workpiece (1), a workpiece drive that sets the workpiece holder and / or the workpiece (1) in motion, a finishing tool (4), the finishing tool (4) is formed from grains bound in a binding agent and the finishing tool (4) has a hollow cylindrical section (5), on whose end face a processing surface (6) of the finishing tool (4) is formed, a tool holder holding the finishing tool (4) and a tool drive for rotationally driving the tool holder (2) around an axis of rotation, the tool holder being designed as a clamping device (7) and the clamping device (7) being transferable from an initial state to a clamping state, the finishing tool (4) in the initial state at the Clamping device (7) can be placed and the finishing tool ug (4) is held in the clamping state by the clamping device (7) directly by a clamping force acting radially on the finishing tool (4).
    公开号:CH716180A2
    申请号:CH00477/20
    申请日:2020-04-23
    公开日:2020-11-13
    发明作者:Steinwender Holger；Schmitz Thomas；Steioff Pascal
    申请人:Thielenhaus Tech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an apparatus for mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece, comprising a workpiece holder holding the workpiece, a workpiece drive that sets the workpiece holder and / or the workpiece in a workpiece movement, a finishing tool, the finishing tool made of grains bound in a binder is formed and the finishing tool has a hollow cylindrical section on which a machining surface of the finishing tool is formed, a tool holder holding the finishing tool and a tool drive for rotationally driving the tool holder about an axis of rotation, with the tool holder and / or the workpiece holder being moved for finishing machining, so that the surface of the workpiece is moved relative to the axis of rotation of the finishing tool and the axis of rotation of the finishing tool is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece in every position. The invention also relates to a method for mechanical finish machining of a surface of a workpiece and in particular to a method for operating a device according to the invention, comprising the following steps:Placing a finishing tool on the surface of the workpiece, the finishing tool being formed from grains bound in a binding agent and the finishing tool having a hollow cylindrical section on the end face of which a machining surface of the finishing tool is formed,Driving the finishing tool in a rotational movement about an axis of rotation,Driving the workpiece to move the workpiece, wherein the surface of the workpiece is moved relative to the axis of rotation of the finishing tool and the axis of rotation of the finishing tool is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece in every position.
    The finishing machining is also known as microfinishing or superfinishing. When finishing flat workpiece surfaces or spherical, in particular dome-shaped workpiece surfaces by means of a rotating finishing tool, the surface of the workpiece is moved relative to the finishing tool in such a way that a type of cross-cut occurs. The invention relates to finishing tools with a geometrically indefinite cutting edge, which are produced in a sintering process. For this purpose, the grains having cutting edges are bound in a binding agent. Because of this structure, the finishing tools are sensitive to high mechanical loads. The finishing tools are also subject to high wear and tear and therefore have to be changed frequently.
    The invention relates to such finishing tools that have a completely sleeve shape (in the sense of a pipe section) or in which a cover preferably consisting of the binder and grains is formed with a (central) bore at one end of a sleeve-shaped section, in particular in one piece. The last-mentioned finishing tools are also known as cup wheels. The processing surface is in this case formed in particular on an end face of the sleeve-shaped section.
    It is known from the prior art that the exclusively sleeve-shaped finishing tools are attached to a tool holder by gluing. The cup disks are attached to the tool holder either by gluing or by means of a screw guided through the central bore. Due to the preparation of the adhesive and the necessary removal of the adhesive residue, fixing with adhesive is very time-consuming. Small parts can be lost when screwing. In addition, a device for holding the finishing tool is useful when screwing in order to have both hands free when installing overhead directly on the tool holder. Changing the finishing tools therefore leads to undesired machine downtimes.
    In addition, the finishing tools with the fastenings described above can only be centered on the tool holder with difficulty. This leads to poor concentricity properties during machining.
    A device with the features mentioned above, in which a cup washer is attached to the tool holder by means of a screw, is known, for example, from DE 10 2016 014 515 B4 and DE 37 23 995 A1.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art and in particular to provide a device and a method for mechanical finishing of a surface with which the finishing tool is easier to change and better on the tool holder is centered.
    These objects are achieved with a device and a method with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the device and the method are specified in the dependent claims, with individual features of the advantageous embodiments can be combined with one another in a technically meaningful manner.
    The tasks are achieved in particular in that the tool holder is designed as a clamping device, the clamping device can be transferred from an initial state to a clamping state, the finishing tool in the initial state on the clamping device and the finishing tool in the clamping state directly by a The clamping force acting radially on the tool is held by the clamping device.
    The basic idea of the invention therefore provides that the finishing tool, which consists entirely of a material composition that is to be regarded as frail, is clamped by means of a force acting in the radial direction on the finishing tool. The finishing tool therefore only has to be placed on the clamping device in the initial state and is then fixed on the clamping device by transferring the clamping device from the initial state to the clamping state. There is no need for glue or screws to fix it. In addition, the finishing tool is automatically centered by means of the clamping device, so that the concentricity properties of the finishing tool are also improved during the finishing process. However, it is therefore also easily possible to exchange and reuse a finishing tool that has been used once, which is particularly advantageous in the case of small series.
    The clamping device can be introduced, for example, with a section, preferably formed by several clamping elements, into the central bore of the cover of the cup wheel or directly into the sleeve-shaped section of the finishing tool, the finishing tool being attached by transferring the clamping device from the initial state to the clamping state The finishing tool is thus clamped radially from the inside.
    Alternatively, the clamping device can overlap the finishing tool with at least one section formed, for example, by a plurality of clamping elements, for which purpose the finishing tool can be introduced into the clamping device, the finishing tool thus being clamped radially from the outside. This is particularly advantageous for tools with a relatively small outer diameter. In addition, this clamping means that the finishing tool can be optimally used when finishing spherical workpiece sections.
    The clamping device is designed in particular so that an (inner or outer) circumferential diameter preferably formed by at least one clamping element from the initial state by at most 5 mm [millimeters], preferably by at most 3 mm, particularly preferably by at most 1 mm is changeable. This can prevent excessive deflections / forces acting on the finishing tool, which could lead to the destruction of the finishing tool. If, for example, a section of the clamping device can be introduced into a receptacle (bore in the cover or inner diameter of the sleeve-shaped section), the outer diameter of this introducible section can be increased by at most 5 mm from the initial state. If, on the other hand, a section of the clamping device surrounds the sleeve-shaped section of the finishing tool on the outside, then the relevant internal diameter of the clamping device can be reduced by at most 5 mm from the initial state.
    The transfer of the clamping device from the initial state to the clamping state and thus in particular a change in the corresponding circumferential diameter can be done mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or piezoelectrically. For example, one or more chambers (as a clamping element) can be formed in the clamping device, which is / are hydraulically or pneumatically expandable, so that a circumferential diameter of the clamping device changes.
    Alternatively, one or more piezoelectric elements (as clamping elements) can be formed on the clamping device, with which or with which the circumferential diameter can be changed.
    It can in particular be provided that the clamping device has a plurality of clamping elements arranged one behind the other, in particular in the circumferential direction, and a base body carrying these clamping elements. Particularly good centering can be achieved in this way.
    In particular, for the mechanical transferability of the clamping device from the initial state into the clamping state, it can be provided that the plurality of clamping elements are articulated on the base body.
    It is particularly preferred here if the clamping elements are formed in one piece with the base body, so that a type of solid joint is formed between the base body and the respective clamping element. A solid hinge can be formed, for example, by reducing the material thickness in the area of the transition from the base body to the clamping element.
    The tensioning elements are in particular arranged in a ring shape and preferably below the base body.
    The joints are in particular designed so that the clamping elements can be deflected at least in the radial direction (with respect to the longitudinal axis of the finishing tool to be held), in particular pivotable via the joint.
    In one embodiment it can be provided that a gap is formed in each case between the clamping elements in the circumferential direction, so that the clamping elements can be deflected in the radial direction at the same time.
    The clamping device with the base body and the clamping elements can in particular form an (axial) stop against which the finishing tool comes to rest when it is placed. In the following, the clamping device can then be transferred from the initial state to the clamping state.
    So that the clamping elements can be transferred mechanically, for example by means of a screw element, from the initial state to the clamping state, it is provided in particular that the clamping elements at their end facing the tool are inside, i.e. on the inside, or outside, i.e. on the outside, are conical. An internal thread or external thread can be formed above or below the conical section. However, the thread can also be formed in the conical section (conical thread).
    In one embodiment it can be provided, for example, that a conical thread is formed on the conical inside, into which a likewise conical screw element can be screwed. By screwing in the screw element, the clamping elements are deflected radially outward (spread).
    In a further embodiment it can be provided that a nut-shaped screw element with an internal thread is screwed onto an external thread formed in particular above the clamping elements on the base body, the screw element preferably having a section which has a smaller internal diameter than the internal diameter of the thread. When the nut-shaped screw element is screwed on, this section is moved outside along the tensioning elements along the screwing-on direction. Either the screw element in the area of the tapered section with respect to the internal thread can have a conical shape on its (inner) side facing the clamping elements and / or the clamping elements can have a conical shape on their outside. The clamping elements are thus deflected radially inward by unscrewing the screw element.
    It is also proposed that the clamping device described above is used to hold a finishing tool described above, in particular the finishing tool is formed from grains bound in a binder and the finishing tool has a hollow cylindrical section, on the end face of which a processing surface of the finishing tool is formed and the clamping device can be transferred from an initial state to a clamping state, the finishing tool being able to be placed on the clamping device in the initial state and the finishing tool being held in the clamping state by the clamping device directly by a clamping force acting radially on the finishing tool.
    According to one embodiment it is provided that a spherical surface of a workpiece is finish-machined, the workpiece holder and / or the workpiece being driven to a workpiece rotational movement so that the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of rotation of the workpiece intersect in the center of the radius of the workpiece. The tool rotation axis is therefore always perpendicular to the spherical surface of the workpiece.
    The tool holder described can, for example, be directly part of a tool spindle, can itself form an exchangeable tool holder or be designed as an attachment for an exchangeable tool holder.
    [0029] The invention and the technical environment are explained below by way of example with reference to the figures. It show schematically<tb> <SEP> Figure 1: a device for mechanical finishing of a workpiece with a finishing tool,<tb> <SEP> Figure 2: an embodiment of a clamping device for the finishing tool in a longitudinal section,<tb> <SEP> Figure 3: a cross-sectional view through the clamping device shown in Figure 2,<tb> <SEP> FIG. 4: a further exemplary embodiment for a clamping device for the finishing tool in a longitudinal section and<tb> <SEP> FIG. 5: a cross-sectional view through the clamping device according to FIG. 4.
    Figure 1 shows the basic structure of a device for finishing a surface of a workpiece 1. The workpiece 1 is spherical and is held by a workpiece holder 2, which in turn can be driven by a workpiece drive 3 to rotate about the workpiece axis 14.
    The device further comprises a finishing tool 4 with a hollow cylindrical section 5, on the end face of which a machining surface 6 is formed. The finishing tool 4 is held by a clamping device 7, which in turn can be driven by a tool drive 8 to perform a rotational movement about an axis of rotation 9.
    The workpiece drive 3 and the tool drive 8 are connected to a control unit 15.
    For finishing machining, the machining surface 6 of the finishing tool 4 is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece 1. During the finishing process, both the finishing tool 4 and the workpiece 1 are rotationally driven, the angle between the axis of rotation 9 and the workpiece axis of rotation 14 being changed during the finishing process so that the axis of rotation 9 is always perpendicular to the spherical surface of the workpiece 1.
    In Figures 2 and 3, a first embodiment of a clamping device 7 for holding the finishing tool 4 is shown. The finishing tool 4 is completely hollow-cylindrical and has a machining surface 6 on its end facing the workpiece 1. The position of the workpiece when the finishing tool 4 is heavily worn is indicated by the reference symbol 1 '.
    The clamping device 7 comprises a base body 11, at the lower end of which several clamping elements 10 arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction are formed in one piece. A gap 16 is formed between two adjacent clamping elements 10 in the circumferential direction. A weakening 17 is formed between the base body 11 and the clamping elements 10, so that a solid-state joint is formed between the clamping element 10 and the base body 11. The clamping elements 10 have a cone 20 on their outside.
    The clamping device 7 also comprises a screw element 12 which can be screwed onto a thread 19 formed on the base body 11. The screw element 12 also has a conical (conical) shape 20 on its inside at the end facing the finishing tool 4. The screw element 12 also has an actuating contour 18 on its outer circumferential surface, to which, for example, a tool for tightening the screw element 12 can be attached.
    In an initial state in which the screw element 12 has not yet been screwed onto the base body 11, a diameter formed by the inner circumference of the clamping elements 10 is only slightly larger than an outer diameter of the finishing tool 4. In this initial state, the finishing tool 4 can be attached to the Jig 7 can be placed. When the screw element 12 is subsequently screwed onto the base body 11, the clamping elements 10 are deflected radially inward due to the wedge effect generated by the cones 20, whereby a holding force acting in the radial direction on the finishing tool 4 is exerted. In this clamping state, the finishing tool 4 is held by forces acting on the finishing tool 4 in the radial direction.In Figures 4 and 5, a second embodiment of a clamping device 7 is shown. In this exemplary embodiment, too, a plurality of clamping elements 10 arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction are formed on a base body 11, between each of which a gap 16 is formed. In this exemplary embodiment, too, the tensioning elements 10 are formed in one piece on the base body 11 by means of a weakening 17 by means of a solid hinge.
    An outside diameter formed by the clamping elements 10 is somewhat smaller in this exemplary embodiment than an inside diameter of the hollow cylindrical finishing tool 4, the inside diameter of which forms a receptacle 13 for the clamping elements 10. The clamping elements 10 form a cone 20 on their inside, on which an internal thread 19 is also formed.
    The tensioning device 7 also comprises a screw element 12 which is formed on its outer circumference conically converging upwards. An external thread is also formed on the outside of the screw element 12. The screw element 12 can thus be screwed into the clamping elements 12.
    In an initial state in which the screw element 12 has not yet been screwed into the clamping elements 10, the outer circumference of the clamping elements 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the finishing tool 4, so that the finishing tool 4 can be placed on the clamping elements 10. The screw element 12 can then be screwed into the cone formed by the clamping elements 10, so that the clamping elements 10 are spread radially outward when screwing in, whereby a force acting outward in the radial direction acts on the finishing tool 4.
    With the clamping devices 7 described, a quick finishing tool change is possible, the finishing tool 4 being directly centered in the clamping state of the clamping device.
    List of reference symbols
    1 workpiece 2 workpiece holder 3 workpiece drive 4 finishing tool 5 hollow cylindrical section 6 machining surface 7 clamping device 8 tool drive 9 rotation axis 10 clamping element 11 base body 12 screw element 13 receptacle 14 workpiece rotation axis 15 control unit 16 gap 17 weakening 18 actuation contour 19 thread 20 cone 21 diameter
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Apparatus for mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece, comprising- A workpiece holder (2) holding the workpiece (1),- a workpiece drive (3) which sets the workpiece holder (2) and / or the workpiece (1) in a workpiece movement,- A finishing tool (4), wherein the finishing tool (4) is formed from grains bound in a binding agent and the finishing tool (4) has a hollow cylindrical section (5) on which a processing surface (6) of the finishing tool (4) is formed,- A tool holder holding the finishing tool (4) and- A tool drive (8) for rotationally driving the tool holder about an axis of rotation (9), whereinfor finishing the tool holder and / or the workpiece holder (2) are moved so that the surface of the workpiece (1) is moved relative to the axis of rotation (9) of the finishing tool (4) and the axis of rotation (9) of the finishing tool (4) in each position is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece (1), characterized in that the tool holder is designed as a clamping device (7), the clamping device (7) being transferable from an initial state to a clamping state, the finishing tool (4) in the initial state can be placed on the clamping device (7) and the finishing tool (4) in the clamping state is held directly by the clamping device (7) by a clamping force acting radially on the finishing tool (4).
    [2]
    2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device (7) has several clamping elements (10) and a base body (11), the several clamping elements (10) preferably being arranged in an articulated manner on the base body (11).
    [3]
    3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the clamping elements (10) are formed in one piece with the base body (11).
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the clamping elements (10) are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction, each with a gap (16) between adjacent clamping elements (10).
    [5]
    5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping device (7) can be transferred mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or piezoelectrically from the initial state to the clamping state.
    [6]
    6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping device (7) comprises a screw element (12), wherein the screw element (12) for transferring the clamping device (7) from the initial state to the clamping state can be screwed or unscrewed.
    [7]
    7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping elements (10) of the clamping device (7) at their end facing the finishing tool (4) are conical on their inside or their outside.
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a circumferential diameter formed by the at least one clamping element (10) can be changed from the initial state by at most 5 mm.
    [9]
    9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the clamping device (7) surrounds the hollow cylindrical portion (5) of the finishing tool (4) on the outside.
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the clamping device (7) is arranged in a receptacle (13) of the finishing tool (4).
    [11]
    11. Use of a clamping device (7) for holding a finishing tool (4), wherein- The finishing tool (4) is formed from grains bound in a binding agent and the finishing tool (4) has a hollow cylindrical section (5) on whose end face a processing surface (6) of the finishing tool (4) is formed, and- The clamping device (7) can be transferred from an initial state to a clamping state, with the finishing tool (4) being able to be placed on the clamping device (7) in the initial state and the finishing tool (4) in the clamping state being placed directly onto the finishing tool (4) by a radial ) acting clamping force is held by the clamping device (7).
    [12]
    12. A method for mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece (1), comprising the following steps:- Placing a finishing tool (4) on the surface of the workpiece (1), wherein the finishing tool (4) is formed from grains bound in a binding agent and the finishing tool (4) has a hollow cylindrical section (5), on the end face of which a processing surface ( 6) of the finishing tool (4) is formed,- Driving the finishing tool (4) to a rotational movement about an axis of rotation (9),- Driving the workpiece (1) to move the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece (1) being moved relative to the axis of rotation (9) of the finishing tool (4) and the axis of rotation (9) of the finishing tool (4) in each position perpendicular to the Surface of the workpiece (1) is aligned, characterized in thatthe finishing tool (4) is held by a clamping force of a clamping device (7) acting radially on the finishing tool (4).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    DE69919874T2|2005-08-25|SPINDLE UNIT FOR MANUFACTURING A HOLE IN A WORKPIECE OF FIBER-REINFORCED MATERIAL
    EP0714338B1|1997-05-07|Crankshaft grinding process and device
    EP1807232B1|2010-12-15|Clamping device and method for the production of a clamping device
    WO2007031256A1|2007-03-22|Low-vibration tool holder
    EP0566841B1|1997-03-26|Drill chuck
    WO2006008059A1|2006-01-26|Tool adapter
    EP1170091B1|2005-08-10|Chamfering tool
    DE4309321A1|1994-09-29|Arrangement for the centered and axially fixed mounting of a rotating body and associated adapter
    DE202014100502U1|2015-05-07|jig
    DE102019112144A1|2020-11-12|Device and method for mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece
    EP1740338A1|2007-01-10|Broaching tool and method for machining the surfaces of bores
    DE10338275B4|2008-08-21|Chuck for clamping sensitive workpieces during machining
    EP1259350B1|2006-11-29|Reaming tool with a guide shank
    DE202007013371U1|2007-11-22|tool adapter
    DE102018101099A1|2018-07-26|CUTTING PROCESS AND CUTTING DEVICE
    EP0981421B1|2000-10-18|Grinder for grinding metal slitting saw blades
    DE102008056682A1|2010-03-04|Milling and deburring tool for use in machine tool of workpiece e.g. tube, has milling head stroke-mobilely supported in axial direction relative to base body against stopper, which variably adjusts lifting height of milling head
    DE102013002950A1|2014-03-20|Clamping device for machine tool used for machining workpiece, has tool spindle that is rotatably coupled to collet chuck to which workpiece is clamped during clamping position for machining workpiece
    DE102006007817B4|2016-03-24|Device for rotational drive of a clamped between centering workpiece
    EP2939772A1|2015-11-04|Centrifugal force tensioning system
    DE1800769A1|1970-05-27|Clamping device for tools, especially hob cutters
    DE102020122179B3|2021-08-12|CLAMPING SHAFT FOR A TOOL AND TOOL COMPRISING THE CLAMPING SHAFT
    DE10137055A1|2003-02-20|Coupling device to connect spindle to tool holder has connecting element with conical pin having external thread
    DE19930919C2|2002-04-25|Device for easier loosening of a screw connection
    EP1316375B1|2011-06-22|Toolholder
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102019112144A1|2020-11-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3723995A1|1987-07-21|1989-02-02|Dick Friedr Gmbh|Apparatus for grinding|
    DE202007013371U1|2007-09-14|2007-11-22|Flam, Mirko|tool adapter|
    DE102009049451B3|2009-10-14|2011-03-03|Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.|Clamping element for shrink tensioning of bodies of drilling tool, has circular joint element that is arranged between base body and closed tension ring and is fixed to both base and tensioning ring|
    DE102011100126B4|2011-04-30|2014-11-27|Ott-Jakob Spanntechnik Gmbh|Work spindle with a clamping device|
    DE102016014515B4|2016-12-07|2018-12-27|Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal|Apparatus for rotary finishing of workpiece surfaces|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102019112144.2A|DE102019112144A1|2019-05-09|2019-05-09|Device and method for mechanical finishing of a surface of a workpiece|
    [返回顶部]